Tracheostomy
Tracheostomy
What is a tracheostomy?A tracheostomy is the surgical creation of an opening through the neck into the trachea. A tube is inserted through this opening to allow passage of air and removal of secretions.
- To provide access to the lower airway, permitting breathing and removal of secretions.
- To provide an airway for the patient who needs prolonged ventilator care.
- To bypass an upper airway obstruction caused by swelling, burns or a tumor.
Advantages of tracheostomy vs. endotracheal tube
- Easier to remove secretions
- Allows easier swallowing
- More comfortable
- Less likely to become dislodged
- Easier communication
Points to remember
- Tracheostomy may be temporary or permanent, depending on the patient's condition.
- Wrist restraints may be needed at first to prevent accidental dislodgement of the tube.
- Humidified (moist) air is required at first for comfort.
- A nurse will help the patient establish an alternative communications system (letter board or pad and pencil) because speech is limited.
- Removal of secretions is very important and will be done by the nurse as needed.
- Sutures (stitches) will be present around the tracheostomy for about one week. A dressing will be applied under the tube to allow for absorption of drainage.
- A small device is placed on the patient's finger. This device measures the patient's oxygen level.
- If the patient has chest pain, pain around the stoma (opening created in the neck), difficulty breathing, or a large amount of drainage around the opening, please contact the nurse.
